Factors associated with death in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Adult Intensive Care Unit

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20242593312

Keywords:

COVID-19; Nursing; SARS-CoV-2; Hospitalization; Intensive Care Units.

Abstract

Objective: to identify factors associated with death in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit. Methods: cross-sectional study with patients admitted with COVID-19 to two Intensive Care Units of two public hospitals. Data were collected from 222 electronic medical records and analyzed using Student’s t-test, Fisher’s exact test, Pearson’s chi-squared test, and Poisson multiple regression with robust variance. Results: male patients prevailed, with a mean age of 63.4±15.6 years, white (92.9%), married or with a partner (64.6%), with elementary school education (64.4%). The factors that significantly impacted the outcome of death with the highest prevalence ratio were: dyspnea with respiratory effort (p=0.009), pulmonary involvement-CT pattern above 75% (p=0.006), acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis (p=0.001) and patients over 65 years of age (p=0.001). Conclusion: age was identified as the main independent factor for death. Contributions to practice: knowing the characteristics of hospitalizations in critical care units of patients with COVID-19 provides support for providing qualified nursing care, promoting patient safety. 

References

Jesus ER, Boell JEW, Reckziegel JCL, Ávila MCS, Piccolin MM, Silva MB, et al. Predictors of deaths associated with covid-19 in patients admitted to two hospitals in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2023;32:e20230107. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2023-0107en

Martín Sánchez FJ, Martínez-Sellés M, Molero-García JM, Moreno-Guillén S, Rodríguez-Artalejo FJ, Ruiz-Galiana J, et al. Insights for COVID-19 in 2023. Rev Esp Quimioter. 2023;36(2):114-24. doi: https://doi.org/10.37201/req/122.2022

Steffes I. A hundred days into the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(14):2000550. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000550

Ferrando C, Mellado-Artigas R, Gea A, Arruti E, Aldecoa C, Bordell A, et al. Patient characteristics, clinical course and factors associated to ICU mortality in critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Spain: A prospective, cohort, multicentre study. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2020;67(8):425-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redar.2020.07.003

Moraes EM, Almeida LHA, Giordani E. COVID-19: Nursing care in an intensive care unit. Sci Med. 2020;30(1):1-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2020.1.38468

Kaswa R, Yogeswaran P, Cawe B. Clinical outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients at Mthatha Regional Hospital, Eastern Cape, South Africa: A retrospective study. S Afr Fam Pract. 2021;63(1):e1–e5. doi: https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5253

Vences MA, Pareja-Ramos JJ, Otero P, Veramendi-Espinoza LE, Vega-Villafana M, Mogollón-Lavi J, et al. Factors associated with mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A prospective cohort in a Peruvian national referral hospital. Medwave. 2021;21(6):e8231. doi: https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2021.06.8231

Jiménez E, Fontán-Vela M, Valencia J, Fernandez-Jimenez I, Álvaro-Alonso EA, Izquierdo-García E, et al. Characteristics, complications and outcomes among 1549 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in a secondary hospital in Madrid, Spain: a retrospective case series study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(11):e042398. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042398

Macedo MCF, Pinheiro IM, Carvalho CJL, Fraga HCJR, Araújo IPC, Montes S. Correlation between demographics, symptoms, comorbidities and the COVID-19 pandemic of hospitalized patients in Bahia, Brazil. PLoS One. 2020;15(12):e0243966. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243966

Jesus ER, Boell JEW, Reckziegel JCL, Vaz RS, Goulart MA, Peluso FM, et al. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of hospital admissions for COVID-19: A retrospective cohort of patients in two hospitals in the south of Brazil. F1000Research. 2023;12:627. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.130532.1

Altunta M, Yilmaz H, Guner AM. Evaluation of patients with COVID-19 diagnosis for chronic diseases. Virol J. 2021;18(1):57. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12985-021-01524-0

Garcia PDW, Fumeaux T, Guerci P, Heuberger DM, Montomoli J, Roche-Campo F, et al. Prognostic factors associated with mortality risk and disease progression in 639 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Europe: initial report of the international risc-19-icu prospective observational cohort. eClinicalMedicine. 2020;25:10044. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100449

Mogami R, Lopes AJ, Araújo Filho RC, Almeida FCS, Messeder AMDC, Koifman ACB, et al. Chest computed tomography in COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective study of 155 patients at a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Radiol Bras. 2021;54(1):1-8. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2020.0133

Hendrickson KW, Peltan ID, Brown SM. The Epidemiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome before and after coronavirus disease 2019. Crit Care Clin. 2021;37(4):703-16. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2021.05.001

González CA, Cuenca FE, Fernandez A, Ferrero FR, Rodríguez BJC, Gonzalez C. Impact of vaccination on admissions to an intensive care unit for COVID-19 in a third-level hospital. Med Intensiva. 2022;46(7):406-7. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medine.2022.05.001

Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, Yan W, Yang D, Chen G, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study. BMJ. 2020;368:m1295. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1091

Berlin DA, Gulick RM, Martinez FJ. Severe Covid-19. Engl J Med Med. 2020;383(25):2451-60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp2009575

Alshukry A, Ali H, Ali Y, Al-Taweel T, Abu-Farha M, AbuBaker J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Kuwait. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0242768. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242768

Virot E, Mathien C, Pointurier V, Poidevin A, Labro G, Pinto L, et al. Characterization of pulmonary impairment associated with COVID-19 in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2021;33(1):75-81. doi: https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507X.20210007

Abate SM, Ahmed AS, Mantfardo B, Basu B. Rate of Intensive Care Unit admission and outcomes among patients with coronavirus: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2020;15(7):e0235653. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235653

Nascimento JHP, Costa RL, Simvoulidis LFN, Pinho JC, Pereira RS, Porto AD, et al. COVID-19 e injúria miocárdica em UTI brasileira: alta incidência e maior risco de mortalidade intra-hospitalar. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021;116(2):275-82. doi: https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20200671

Puah SH, Cove ME, Phua J, Kansal A, Venkatachalam J, Ho VK, et al. Association between lung compliance phenotypes and mortality in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2021;50(9):686-94. doi: https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2021129

Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-62. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3

Ribeiro AC, Poli P, Uehara SCSA. Increased risk of mortality from COVID-19 in people with obesity. Rev Rene. 2023;24:e81453. doi: https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20232481453

Lorenzini E, Boell JEW, Oelke ND, Rodrigues CD, Trindade LF, Winter VDB, et al. Care transition from hospital to home: cancer patients’ perspective. BMC Res Notes. 2020;13:267. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05099-x

Lorenzini E, Banner D, Plamondon K, Oelke N. A call for knowledge translation in nursing research. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2019;28:e20190104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2019-0001-0004

Fabrizzio GC, Santos JLG, Erdmann AL. Enfermería de precisión: una aliada para potenciar la gestión del cuidado. Av Enferm. 2022;40(2):179-82. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15446/avenferm.v40n2.102949

Published

2024-09-04

How to Cite

Generoso, G. M., Schmidt, C. R., Jesus, E. R. de, Boell, J. E. W., Fabrizzio, G. C., Malkiewiez, M. M., & Lorenzini, E. (2024). Factors associated with death in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Adult Intensive Care Unit. Rev Rene, 25, e93312. https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20242593312

Issue

Section

Research Article